Kevin Thomas Luzbetak, MSc Education Master's Degree in Artificial Intelligence Location Los Angeles, California Email Luzbetak5739@gmail.com Public Github https://github.com/luzbetak

Model Parameters = Words × Dimensions

Key Concepts

• Word: A symbolic label (token) such as cat, dog, or car.
• Dimension: The number of numeric values used to represent a word.
• Parameter: A single stored numeric value. Every number in an embedding vector is one parameter.

Why This Example Has Exactly 6 Parameters

1. There are 3 words: cat, dog, and car.
2. Each word has 2 dimensions.
3. Total parameters = 3 × 2 = 6.

Where the 6 Parameters Actually Live

    Feature Dimensions:  [Object, Animal]
                   cat → [0, 1] → 2 Dimensions
                   dog → [0, 1] → 2 Dimensions
                   car → [1, 0] → 2 Dimensions
          -------------------------------------
          Total: → 3 × 2 = 6 Parameters


          +---------------------------------------+
          |  Vector DB: with Feature Dimensions   |
          +--------+--------+--------+------------+
          |  Word  | Object | Animal | Dimensions |
          +--------+--------+--------+------------+
          |  cat   |   0    |   1    |     2      |
          |  dog   |   0    |   1    |     2      |
          |  car   |   1    |   0    |     2      |
          +--------+--------+--------+------------+
          | Total  |      3 × 2 = 6 Parameters    |
          +--------+--------+--------+------------+
  

   
 Bridging the example to real models:
              
    +------------------+------------+------------+------------------+
    |      Model       |   Words    | Dimensions |    Parameters    |
    +------------------+------------+------------+------------------+
    | This example     |          3 |          2 |                6 |
    | GPT-2 embeddings |     50,257 |        768 |       38,597,376 |
    +------------------+------------+------------+------------------+
  

Python Code Example

import numpy as np

embedding_table = {

    #--- Feature Dim: [Object, Animal] ---#
    "cat": np.array([  0     ,  1 ]),
    "dog": np.array([  0     ,  1 ]),
    "car": np.array([  1     ,  0 ]),

}

def embed(word):
    return embedding_table[word]

print(embed("cat"))
print(embed("dog"))

Final Summary

• Words are labels.
• Dimensions describe vector length per word.
• Parameters are the total stored numeric values.
• This example has 6 parameters.

How the Embedding Numbers Are Computed

Goal

• Show a simple, concrete way to compute the numbers in embedding vectors.
• Explain where values like [0, 1] and [0, 1] come from.

Important Note

• In real models, these numbers are learned during training.
• Here we use a toy mathematical rule to make the idea understandable.

Simple Rule to Compute Embedding Numbers

• Assign each word two numeric features:
• Feature 1: how “animal-like” the word is
• Feature 2: how “object-like” the word is
• Each feature is a number between 0.0 and 1.0.
• The two feature values together form a 2-dimensional embedding.

Manual Feature Assignment

• cat: mostly animal → [0, 1]
• dog: mostly animal → [0, 1]
• car: mostly object → [1, 0]

Python Example: Computing the Numbers

def compute_embedding(animal_score, object_score):
    # Combine two numeric features into a vector
    return [animal_score, object_score]

cat_embedding = compute_embedding(0, 1)
dog_embedding = compute_embedding(0, 1)

print("cat:", cat_embedding)
print("dog:", dog_embedding)

What This Represents

• Each number is a parameter value.
• The vector length (2 numbers) is the dimension.
• The rule that assigns numbers is the model logic.

Connection to Real Models

• Real embedding models start with random numbers.
• Numbers are adjusted using training data and optimization.
• After training, vectors encode semantic meaning.

Final Summary

• [0, 1] and [0, 1] are examples of computed feature values.
• The computation rule is simple here for clarity.
• Real models learn these values automatically.